Stroke, also known as cerebrovascular accident, occurs when the blood supply to the brain is suddenly interrupted or ruptured, leading to brain tissue damage. As a vital component of the central nervous system, the brain is responsible for controlling sensory, motor, and cognitive functions throughout the body. When a stroke occurs, the affected brain region’s neurons rapidly die due to oxygen deprivation or hemorrhage. This results in sudden onset of limb paralysis, speech difficulties, and sensory loss, which can severely impact a patient’s quality of life and ability to care for themselves. In addition to physical disabilities, stroke may also lead to long-term complications such as cognitive decline and emotional disturbances.

Stem cell therapy for stroke represents a cutting-edge approach in regenerative medicine. By harnessing the reparative and regenerative abilities of stem cells, this treatment aims to restore the function of damaged brain tissue. The potential benefits and underlying treatment principles are outlined below:

• Neuronal Regeneration: Stem cells have the potential to differentiate into neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. They can replace the brain cells lost during a stroke, rebuild disrupted neural networks, and restore brain function.
• Angiogenesis and Improved Blood Flow: Stem cells secrete factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which promotes the formation of new blood vessels. This enhances blood flow in ischemic regions of the brain and helps reduce secondary injury.
• Anti-inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Effects: The localized inflammatory response following a stroke can exacerbate brain damage. Mesenchymal stem cells can inhibit the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-6, thereby reducing inflammation and protecting the remaining brain tissue.
• Neurotrophic Support: By secreting brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor (NGF), stem cells support neuronal survival, facilitate synaptic remodeling, and enhance neural plasticity.

• · Strengthening the Scientific FoundationPrior to launching clinical treatments, we conducted extensive preclinical research using animal models. From the precise construction of stroke models and the efficient extraction and directed differentiation of neural stem cells, to the repeated refinement of intracerebral stem cell transplantation techniques, we have accumulated a substantial body of preclinical animal data. These findings provide a strong theoretical basis for the safety and efficacy of subsequent clinical applications and lay a solid foundation for overcoming key technical challenges.
• · Pioneering Clinical TreatmentSince completing our first stem cell treatment for a stroke patient in 2002, we have become one of the first specialized institutions in China to apply stem cell therapy to stroke. Over the years, we have not only treated patients with conventional causes of stroke but have also achieved remarkable success in complex cases such as strokes caused by systemic lupus erythematosus and moyamoya disease. Our evaluation process for stem cell treatment in stroke is thorough and precise, enabling accurate risk assessment. Backed by years of clinical experience, we consistently deliver stable and effective treatment outcomes, maintaining a leading position in the field.
• · Building a Comprehensive Treatment SystemAdhering to a multidisciplinary treatment approach, we integrate traditional stroke therapies—including traditional Chinese medicine rehabilitation, pharmacological treatments, and surgical interventions—with advanced stem cell technologies. For each patient, we develop a personalized and detailed rehabilitation plan based on their condition, physical status, and recovery needs. In addition, we have extensive experience in post-treatment follow-up and long-term rehabilitation support, offering patients continuous professional care to promote recovery and improve overall quality of life.

By the end of 2024, SunMoon Medical has successfully treated 2097 patients with stroke sequelae (including those resulting from cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral thrombosis). Among these patients, the duration of the condition ranged from as long as 19 years to as short as 1 month in a few cases. Currently, the company is actively exploring the use of stem cell transplantation for treating the sequelae of cerebrovascular diseases during both the acute and recovery phases. Experimental results have shown that administering stem cell therapy during these stages can effectively rescue a significant number of neurons in the ischemic penumbra, restore their neurological functions, and thereby markedly reduce the rate and severity of disability.

It is important to note that once patients enter the sequelae phase, the optimal window for treatment is missed. Neurons surrounding the ischemic penumbra gradually degenerate, and dense glial scars may form, obstructing nerve regeneration and greatly increasing the complexity of treatment. Therefore, it is strongly recommended to seek timely medical intervention as soon as any related symptoms appear.

• Long-term follow-up of patients has shown that the overall improvement rate for stroke sequelae after treatment has reached 88%. Many patients demonstrate noticeable recovery during hospitalization, with improvements primarily observed in:
• Motor Function: Increased muscle strength on the affected side, enhanced gait stability, and, in some cases, the ability to walk independently.
• Language Ability: Improved clarity of speech and enhanced expression and comprehension in patients with aphasia or dysarthria.
• Sensory Function: A gradual reduction in areas affected by numbness or sensory deficits, with improved tactile and temperature perception.
• Cognitive Function: Relief from memory and attention deficits, with significant improvements in executive function for some patients.
• Swallowing Function: Reduced difficulty in swallowing, lowered risk of aspiration, and increased safety during feeding.
• Emotional Well-being: Mitigation of depression and anxiety symptoms, along with improved psychological adaptability.
• Daily Living Activities: Marked improvements in the ability to dress, eat, and perform other self-care activities independently.

Our treatment approach not only incorporates internationally advanced stem cell technologies but also places strong emphasis on the development of personalized rehabilitation plans. Through the collaboration of a multidisciplinary team—including neurologists, rehabilitation therapists, and psychologists—we tailor comprehensive rehabilitation programs for each patient, encompassing physical therapy, cognitive training, and psychological support. We firmly believe that the combination of scientific therapy and compassionate care can help stroke patients achieve optimal functional recovery and regain their sense of dignity.